in this country, a "junior" doctor is any training grade doctor, ie all ranks below consultant. consultants are considered fully trained and therefore "senior". this is whats meant when you see these terms in the press. we still use junior and senior informally at work though, like a first year registrar would be more senior than a second year sho for example.
its worth noting that the whole training system in the uk is changing though. currently, the whole country is in transition, with the old training system overlapping with the new.
the traditional system has always been:
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junior (preregistration) house officer the first year in work, a year officially still under close supervision by consultants and your med school, after which you fully register with the gmc and can start formal training
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senior house officer a variable number of years (anything from 2 onwards), gaining basic specialist training
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specialist registrar a fixed 5 year program, higher specialist training, preparing for consultancy
but all this is being streamlined under the new
mmc project, coming into force as we speak, bringing the uk in line with the rest of the eu and the world. youll be trained under this new system, so you really should understand what you are letting yourself in for. mmc may well be an interview topic these days, so be prepared! in other countries around the world, medical training involves early specialism division (the north american residency system for example), so in similar fashion, mmc says:
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2 year foundation program (f1 and f2) the first two years, basic training in broad aspects of acute medicine in general, including rotation to gp, to make you "emergency safe"
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specialist training program (st1 onwards) variable length depending on specialty, leading to consultancy
did you get my contact details from emma? was in the secret garden a bit over the weekend, could have told you more about all this...

whats with these donut holes? hmm...